{"title":"all products","description":"","products":[{"product_id":"the-antikythera-calculating-mechanism","title":"The Antikythera calculating mechanism","description":"\u003cdiv class=\"woocommerce-product-details__short-description\"\u003eThe first computational machine in history. It was built around 120 B.C. and was used to predict astronomical and calendar events, as well as to determine important occurrences such as the Olympic Games.\n\u003cp\u003eIt included at least 35 gears, dials, and discs, and operated manually. It accurately modeled complex cycles such as those of Meton, Callippus, Saros, and the Olympiad.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDimensions: 17 × 34 × 8 cm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"Kotsanas Museum","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53633595670819,"sku":"","price":550.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0918\/6063\/1843\/files\/MG_5194.jpg?v=1746895535"},{"product_id":"the-portable-sundial-of-parmenion","title":"The portable sundial of Parmenion","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eA unique necklace with the portable sundial of Parmenion!\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"kotsanasmuseumshop","offers":[{"title":"Silver","offer_id":53633639055651,"sku":"","price":45.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"Gold-Plated Silver","offer_id":53633639088419,"sku":"","price":50.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0918\/6063\/1843\/files\/IMG_4386.jpg?v=1746898607"},{"product_id":"the-enneas","title":"The \"Enneas\"","description":"\u003cp\u003eIt is a variant of trias that made its appearance during the Hellenistic era and continued to be played up to recently (as enniapetro- consisted of nine stones).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt was played by two players on a shaded surface that was constituted of three concentric squares linked with the midpoints of their sides. They were thus created in the points of the section of the lines 24 positions for the pieces. The players were holding by nine pawns (of different colour or type e.g. black and white pebbles, broad beans and beans, walnuts and acorns, etc.) and they were trying to place them alternately by shaping a trinity (trias) in a straight line or they were trying to prevent the opponent from achieving this. When they shaped a trias (trinity) then they were removing a piece from the opponent and when any of the players remained with only two pieces then he had lost the game.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"kotsanasmuseumshop","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53638472663331,"sku":"","price":25.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0918\/6063\/1843\/files\/DSC8781.jpg?v=1747070549"},{"product_id":"the-trias","title":"The “Trias”","description":"\u003cp class=\"rteright\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe first tic- tac- toe game of history\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is a simple strategy game that had been spread throughout the ancient world and has still followers up today (is similar to the tic- tac- toe). It was played by two players on a shaded surface that had the shape of a circle with eight equidistant rays or of a square with its segment axis and sometimes its diagonals. Thus it was created at the section points of the lines nine positions for the pawns. The players were holding each by three pawns (of different colour or type such as black and white pebbles, peas and beans, nuts and acorns, etc.) and they were trying to put them alternately in order to form a straight line or prevent the opponent from accomplishing this .Then they were moving the pawns alternately until any of them achieves the formation of a straight line.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"kotsanasmuseumshop","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53638481871139,"sku":"","price":20.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0918\/6063\/1843\/files\/image00059.jpg?v=1747914480"},{"product_id":"the-portable-sundial-of-parmenion-1","title":"The portable sundial of Parmenion","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThree articulated rings hung at vertical position with the external ring oriented East-West. The central ring consisted of two semicircles, bearing 2 pairs of engravings of 7 grooves defining the months (zodiacs) for 4 different latitudes-towns). The inner ring bore a hole on its periphery, while around it there were engravings dividing it into 12 equal parts which defined the 12 hours. During the clock operation, the semicircle with the data of the area was turned by 90º and the inner ring was placed on the current month; thus a bright spot indicated the hour on the opposite side. The clock could also be used at midday of the equinoxes in order to find the latitude of a place, the azimuth and the star height. (Fractions of the instrument were found in the Octagon of Philippi).\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"kotsanasmuseumshop","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53638482919715,"sku":"","price":30.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0918\/6063\/1843\/files\/DSC8906.jpg?v=1747071042"},{"product_id":"the-greek-abacus-5th-c-b-c","title":"The Greek Abacus (5th c. B.C.)","description":"\u003cp\u003eAbacus was a wooden tablet with small pebbles used to calculate complex mathematical operations. Such an abacus, based on the acrophonic (Herodian) numeral system (e.g. Δ to represent Δέκα (ten), Η to represent Ηεκατό (a hundrend), etc.), made of marble and dated from the 4th century B.C., was discovered in 1846 on the island of Salamis and is kept at the Epigraphical Museum of Athens.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne or two sets of parallel lines equally divided by a vertical line are engraved on the board. The parallel lines are used to group the numbers by powers of ten. The space between the lines is used to represent half the value of the line above it. The vertical line is used to divide numbers into positive (right side) and negative (left side). Each number is represented with maximum economy as a combined sum of positive and negative pebbles on the board. Arithmetic operations were carried out by the combined movement of the pebbles.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"kotsanasmuseumshop","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53638483902755,"sku":"","price":15.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0918\/6063\/1843\/files\/DSC8786.jpg?v=1747071158"},{"product_id":"the-cryptographic-disc-of-aeneas-4th-century-bc","title":"Necklace - The cryptographic disc of Aeneas","description":"\u003cp\u003eIt was a disc with 24 holes (one for each letter of the alphabet) on the periphery, one in the centre and one more defining the letter “A”. The sender formed the message by passing a thin thread through the holes of the relevant letters and the receiver read it by removing the thread and noting the letters from right to left.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"kotsanasmuseumshop","offers":[{"title":"greek","offer_id":53638485836067,"sku":"","price":15.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"english","offer_id":53638485868835,"sku":"","price":15.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0918\/6063\/1843\/files\/image00035_ca7d24f2-15a2-49a3-8bde-43bd1bc5f690.jpg?v=1747914226"},{"product_id":"the-tetrantas-quadrant-of-hipparhos-2nd-c-b-c","title":"The tetrantas (Quadrant) of Hipparhos (2nd c. 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A moving button was also added which slid at length of the thread and was regulated depending on the month which was indicated by the zodiac at the other edge of the instrument. The instrument could be used as a position locator at any given hour of the day, while with any given latitude as a sundial. The level astrolabes constitute its evolution.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"kotsanasmuseumshop","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53638487441699,"sku":"","price":50.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0918\/6063\/1843\/files\/DSC8792.jpg?v=1747071683"},{"product_id":"archimedes-ostomachion","title":"Archimedes' (O)stomachion","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe first puzzle in history\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt was a spiritual game, predecessor of the puzzle. It probably resulted from a mathematical problem of Archimedes, or vice versa. The game consists of a square base divided into 14 geometric pieces. The aim of the game was to reshape, in as many ways possible, using all the pieces, the square or (like tangram) some particular figures (e.g. a helmet, a goose in flight, a tower, a column, an elephant, a boar, a barking dog, a stalking hunter). In the problem, Archimedes demonstrates that each of the pieces has an area that is a rational fraction of the total area of the initial square and searches for the number of possible combinations for recreation. In 2003, through a dedicated computer program (Bill Сutler), it was proved that there are 536 unique combinations or 17.152 if all symmetrical (by rotation, mirroring or identical triangles' swaping) are included.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"kotsanasmuseumshop","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53638490620195,"sku":"","price":30.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0918\/6063\/1843\/files\/image00110.jpg?v=1747913173"},{"product_id":"the-inventions-of-the-ancient-greeks-multilingual","title":"The inventions of the ancient Greeks (multilingual)","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis book revives approximately two hundred exceptional ancient Greek inventions (from the robot - servant of Philon to the cinema of Heron and from the automatic clock of Ktesibios to the analog computer of Antikythera) and aims to demonstrate that the technology of the ancient Greeks, just before the end of the ancient world, was shockingly similar to the beginning of our modern technology.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe bolts and nuts, gears and rules, pulleys and belts, sprockets and chains, block and tackles and winches, pistons and cylinders, hydraulic controllers and valves, programmers and auto-pilots are just some of the inventions of the ancient Greeks which were the foundations of their complex technology.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese legacies, identical and irreplaceable, continue today to constitute the building blocks of our modern technology, the development of which would be doubtful without its effortless and undemanding adoption. Only after a millennium of maturation was humanity able to \"recover\" this remarkable forgotten technology.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe exploration of this age, when ownership for peak technology was not claimed, demonstrates, without a doubt, how much more (than we think) the modern Western Technological Civilisation owes to the Greeks.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"kotsanasmuseumshop","offers":[{"title":"Greek-English","offer_id":53638545768739,"sku":"","price":15.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"French-Italian","offer_id":53638545801507,"sku":"","price":15.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"German-Spanish","offer_id":53638545834275,"sku":"","price":15.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0918\/6063\/1843\/files\/IMG_2652.jpg?v=1747233983"},{"product_id":"the-musical-instruments-of-the-ancient-greeks-multilingual","title":"The Musical Instruments of the Ancient Greeks (Multilingual)","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\"Music is to the soul what gymnastics is to the body\" Plato, The Republic This book presents forty-two reconstructions of ancient Greek musical istruments accompanied by rich photographic material, detailed descriptions and diagrammes. Ancient musical instruments have once again acquired voice, extracts of musical works travelled till our days on papyrus and stone, what remains to be discovered the emotions of these splendid Greeks\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"kotsanasmuseumshop","offers":[{"title":"Greek-English","offer_id":53638547538211,"sku":"","price":7.5,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"French-Italian","offer_id":53638547570979,"sku":"","price":7.5,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"German-Spanish","offer_id":53638547603747,"sku":"","price":7.5,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0918\/6063\/1843\/files\/IMG_2645.jpg?v=1747234049"},{"product_id":"the-heart-of-the-antikythera-mechanism","title":"The heart of the Antikythera Mechanism","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eIt is the surviving intelligent epicyclic gearwork that delivers the apparent speed of the moon.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan\u003eRotate and observe the apparent \"golden\" moon pulling ahead and sometimes delaying the actual \"oxidiced\" moon moving at a constant speed.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"kotsanasmuseumshop","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53735778648355,"sku":"","price":20.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0918\/6063\/1843\/files\/image00070.jpg?v=1747914929"},{"product_id":"necklace-the-antikythera-mechanism","title":"Necklace - The Antikythera mechanism","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThe necklace “The Antikythera Mechanism” is available in two shades (silver or gold).\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"kotsanasmuseumshop","offers":[{"title":"Gold","offer_id":53736438333731,"sku":"","price":5.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"Silver","offer_id":53736438366499,"sku":"","price":5.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0918\/6063\/1843\/files\/image00003.jpg?v=1747915826"},{"product_id":"magnet-gear-of-the-antikythera-mechanism","title":"Magnet - Gear of the Antikythera Mechanism","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThe magnet “Gear of the Antikythera Mechanism” is available in two shades\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"kotsanasmuseumshop","offers":[{"title":"gold","offer_id":53736574255395,"sku":"","price":5.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"silver","offer_id":53736574288163,"sku":"","price":5.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0918\/6063\/1843\/files\/image00098.jpg?v=1747916029"},{"product_id":"cotton-tote-bag","title":"Cotton Tote Bag","description":"\u003cp data-start=\"114\" data-end=\"314\"\u003eCarry a piece of history with you! 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